Laboratory of Analytical Methods

[ Staff of Analytic Methods Laboratory ]

Leaded by Prof., Dr. Sci. Grigory N. CHURILOV
[ send message ]

Main fields of scientific researches, both fundamental and practical, are connected with generation of low temperature plasma and investigation of its interactions with electromagnetic fields.

Synthesis and Investigation of Fullerenes, Fullerene Derivatives and Other Nanomaterials

Self-focusing plasma jet in open space and setup based on it for fullerene synthesis.	We are solving the problems of production and investigation of nanomaterials. We developed the technique based on generation of arc fed by high-frequency current between graphite electrodes. This techique allows to produce fullerene mixture in carbon-helium flow of plasma at atmospheric pressure. Contents of fullerenes in mixture: C60 – 70%, C70 – 20%, C76 , C82 , and higher – up to 10%. Fullerene derivatives with iron, scandium, boron, and selenium were synthesized. By 2004 three Ph.D. theses and one doctoral thesis were presented in our laboratory in this field.
UV-vis absorption spectra of chromatographic fractions: 1, 2 - C60; 3 - C60 and C70; 4 - C70; 5 - C70 and higher fullerenes	The plasma technique of graphitization of different churlish powders was found. Sorbent based on aluminum oxide coated with carbon by our technique  allows extracting C60 with pureness of 98% at high speed after one stage of separation.
Nanotubes in turbostratic graphite	During the fullerene synthesis on an electrode surface co-product condensing named turbostratic graphite (TG) which contains nanotubes. TG is a material with relatively high store of energy. We found that the velocity of burning wave at titanium oxide production by self-propagating high-temperature syntheis is by 1.5–2 times higher than at usage of other graphite modifications.

Emission Spectral Analysis

Light source for emission spectra analysis

The working model setup for emission spectral analysis (ESA) was made on the base of ESA light source patented earlier by us. The model setup allows analyzing substances in solid, liquid, and gaseous states. Coefficient of variation reaches 1-2%, sensitivity is higher by 1-2 orders than for other techniques of emission spectra excitation (carbon arc, inductively coupled plasma - ICP). By 2004 two Ph.D. theses were presented in our laboratory on the results of investigation of light source applications.

Technique for Studying High-Speed Periodical Processes

Scheme of setup for photo-registration of high-speed processes	Technique and device for studying high-speed periodical processes was developed. The principle of device functioning consists of synchronization of phase and frequency of discharge current with phase and frequency of mirror rotation in high-speed camera. For the first time standing and moving strata were discovered in discharge at atmospheric pressure at feeding by kilohertz frequency current.
Standing strata during the period of current	Moving strata during the period of current

Calculations of formation of fullerenes and their derivatives in carbon-helium plasma

Calculated dependencies of fullerene formation with accounting charges of carbon clusters (blue) and without accounting (yellow) on temperature T and electron concentration ne.

Theoretical approach was developed for fullerenes and their derivatives formation in plasma with accounting of electron concentration and cohesion time of admixture atom on carbon cluster surface. Calculations of kinetics of metalofullerene formation are carried out. Recent quantum-chemical methods are used for calculations of finished compound properties.

Investigation of crystal structure of fullerene solvates with chloroform

Crystal structure of C60(CHCl3)2

Crystalline solvates with chloroform C60(CHCl3)2, C70(CHCl3)2, were obtained. It was determined that these solvates have simple hexagonal lattice and at temperature of 365K chloroform evaporates and the lattice transforms to face centered cubic lattice specific to fullerites.

Plasma application for nonferrous rolled metals cleaning

Scheme of setup for nonferrous rolled metals cleaning

Technique for nonferrous rolled metals cleaning by carrying out a discharge was developed. The cleaning is realized on the base of discharge between electrode-inductor and moving cylindrical feed. Discharge is rotating in the plane of electrode-inductor with rotation frequency of 400 turn/sec. Electrode spot moves on the surface of cleaning product and uncovers oxide and organic films. There are no damages (cavities, scars, etc.) on the product surface after cleaning.

• production of nano- and ultra-disperse materials;
• research of hydrogen sorption by different carbon materials obtained in carbon plasma;
• development of sensors based on fullerene films
• interaction of low-temperature plasma with electromagnetic fields.

Basic Publications:

1. N.V. Bulina, V.A. Lopatin, N.G. Vnukova, S.M. Zharkov, A. Gedanken, G.N. Churilov Application of dusty plasma for synthesis of carbon nanostructures. Ukr. J. Phys., 2005, V.50, N2, p.122-125.
2. G.N. Churilov, A.S. Fedorov, P.V. Novikov, Yu.S. Martinez. Computational estimations of carbon clusters interaction in plasma with accounting influence of electron concentration and cooling by buffer gas // Ukrainian Jour. Phys., 2005, V.50, N2, p.126-129.
3. Churilov G.N. Kostinevich E.M., Marchenko S.A., Gluschenko G.A., Bulina N.V., Zaitsev A.I., Vnukova N.G. Sorption of hydrogen by carbon-based substances obtained in carbon-helium plasma // Pis'ma v Zhur. Tech. Phiz., 2005, V.31, No.6, p.34-36. (Tech. Phys. Lett., 2005 - in press).
4. Sichenko D.P., Vnukova N.G., Lopatin V.A., Glushchenko G.A., Marachevskiy A.V., Churilov G.N. A Facility for Atomic Emission Spectral Analysis and Methods for Spectrum Processing // Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 2004, V.47, Iss.4, pp.489-492.
5. Churilov G.N., Weisman R.B., Bulina N.V., Vnukova N.G., Puzir' A.P., Solovyov L.A., Bachilo S.M., Tsyboulski D.A., Glushenko G.A. The Influence of Ir and Pt Addition on the Synthesis of Fullerenes at Atmospheric Pressure // Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 2003, v. 11, Iss. 4, p. 371 - 382.
6. Churilov G.N., Alikhanyan A.S., Nikitin M.I., Glushenko G.A., Vnukova N.G., Bulina N.V., Emelina A.L. Synthesis and Investigation of Boron-Doped Fullerene and Scandium-Containing Fullerene // Technical Physics Letters, 2003, vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 168-170.
7. Glushchenko G.A., Bulina N.V., Novikov P.V., Bondarenko G.N., Churilov G.N. Synthesis and Properties of Plasma-Deposited Carbon Condensates // Tech. Phys. Lett., 2003, Vol.29, No.11, pp.933-935.
8. Stepanov K.L., Stankevich Yu.A., Stanchits L.K., Churilov G.N., Fedorov A.S., Novikov P.V. The Effect of Electron Density on the Kinetics of Fullerene Formation in Carbon Plasma // Tech. Phys. Lett., 2003, Vol.29, No.11, pp.927-929.
9. Fedorov A.S., Novikov P.V., Churilov G.N. Influence of electron concentration and temperature on endohedral metallofullerene Me@C84 formation in a carbon plasma // Chemical Physics, 2003, vol. 293, No. 2, pp. 253-261.
10. Churilov G.N., Fedorov A.S., Novikov P.V. Influence of electron concentration and temperature on fullerene formation in a carbon plasma. Carbon, 2003, V.41, N.1, p. 173-178.
11. Churilov G.N., Isakova V.G., Weisman R.B., Bulina N.V., Bachilo S.M., Cybulski D., Glushchenko G.A., Vnukova N.G. Synthesis of Fullerene Derivatives. // Physics of the Solid State, 2002, Vol. 44, Iss. 4, pp. 601-602
12. Churilov G.N., Novikov P.V., Lopatin V.A., Vnukova N.G., Bulina N.V., Bachilo S.M., Tsyboulski D., Weisman R.B. Electron density as the main parameter influencing the formation of fullerenes in a carbon plasma. // Physics of the Solid State, 2002, Vol. 44, Iss. 3, pp. 419-423.
13. Churilov G.N., Novikov P.V., Taraban'ko V.E., Lopatin V.A., Vnukova N.G., Bulina N.V. On the Mechanism of Fullerene Formation in a Carbon Plasma. // Carbon, 2002, v.40, No.6, p.891-896.
14. Churilov G.N., Fedorov A.S., Novikov P.V. Fullerene C60 formation in partially ionized carbon vapor. // JETP Letters, 2002, vol. 76, No. 8, pp.522-526
15. Petrakovskaya E.A., Bulina N.V., Churilov G.N., Puzyr' A.P. A Study of the Synthesis Products of Fullerenes with Nickel and Cobalt. // Technical Physics, 2001. V.46, No.1, pp. 42-46
16. Soloviev L.A., Bulina N.V., Churilov G.N. Crystal Structures of Chloroform solvates of fullerenes // Russian Chemical Bulletin, International Edition, 2001, Vol. 50, No.1, pp. 78-80.
17. Churilov G.N., Lopatin V.A., Novikov P.V., Vnukova N.G. A Technique and device for Studying Alternating-Current Discharge Dynamics. Stratification of a Discharge in an Argon Flow at Atmospheric Pressure. // Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 2001, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 519-523.
18. Churilov G.N. Plasma Synthesis of Fullerenes // Instruments and Experimental Techniques, Vol. 43, No 1, 2000, pp. 1-10.
19. Churilov G.N., Petrakovskaya E.A., Bulina N.V., Ovchinnikov SG., Puzyr' A.P. Substances Forming at Synthesis of Fullerenes and Metallofullerenes in Carbon-Helium Plasma Jet. // Mol. Mat. 2000, V.13, No.1-4, p.105.
20. Bulina N.V., Churilov G.N., Isakova V.G., Solovyov L.A. Crystal Structure of Fullerene Chloroform Solvates // Mol. Mat. 2000, V.13, No.1-4, p.329.
21. Churilov G.N. On the transition of carbon plasma to fullerene state of carbon. Preprint 810. - Krasnoyarsk: Institute of Physics SB RAS, 2000. - 31 p. [Abstract] [Full text in Russian]
22. Novikov P.V., Churilov G.N. Characteristics of the Heating Dynamics of a Graphite Conductor Taking into Account the Skin Effect // Tech. Phys., 2000, Vol.45, No.9, pp.1214-1218.
23. Churilov G.N., Soloviev L.A., Churilova Ya.N., Chupina O.V., Maltseva S.S. Fullerenes and other structures of carbon plasma jet under helium flow. // Carbon, 1999, V.37, Pp.427-431.
24. Zharkov S.M., Titarenko Ya.N., Churilov G.N. Electron microscopy studies of FCC carbon particles // Carbon, 1998, Vol.36, No.5-6, рр.595-597.
25. Sukovatyi A.G., Churilov G.N., Mal'tseva. High-Frequency Setup for the Emission Spectral Analysis and Smelting of Precious Metals // Instruments and Experimental Techniques, Vol. 5, 1998, рр.719-722.
26. Churilov G.N., Bayukov O.A., Petrakovskaya E.A., Korets A.Ya., Isakova V.G., Titarenko Ya.N. Synthesis and study of iron-containing fullerene complexes. // Technical Physics, 1997, V.42, No.9, Pp.1111-1113.
27. Pukhova Ya.I., Churilov G.N., Isakova V.G., Korets A.Ya., and Titarenko Ya.N. Studies of the Biological Activity of Water-Soluble Fullerene Complexes // Doklady Biochemistry 1997, 355, p.79.
28. Churilov G.N., Korets A.Ya., Titarenko Ya.N. Production of fullerenes and nanopipes in a carbon plasma jet at kilohertz frequencies // Tech. Phys., 1996, V.41, No.1, pp.102-103.